PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false, ]; try { $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $username, $password, $options); } catch (PDOException $e) { http_response_code(500); die('

Database connection failed: ' . htmlspecialchars($e->getMessage()) . '

'); } } return $pdo; }